Main description:

The biological activity of mycotoxins ranges from weak and/or sometimes positive effects, such as antibacterial activity (see penicillin derivatives derived from Penicillium strains) to strong mutagenic (e. g. aflatoxins, patulin), carcinogenic (e. g. aflatoxins), teratogenic, neurotoxic (e. g. ochratoxins), nephrotoxic (e. g. fumonisins, citrinin), hepatotoxic, and immunotoxic (e. g. ochratoxins, diketopiperazines) activity.
Nowadays, many laboratories around the world are specialized in the detection of mycotoxins in food products and contaminated material found in housing.
In this volume, a focus on the most important classes of mycotoxins is provided and their chemistry of the last ten years is discussed. In each Section, the individual biological impact is outlined. Sections are arranged according to mycotoxin classes (e. g. aflatoxins) and/or structural classes (e. g. resorcinyl lactones, diketopiperazines). The biology of mycotoxins is also described.

Contents:

1 Introduction.- 2 Aflatoxins.- 2.1 Biological Properties.- 2.2 Total Syntheses of Aflatoxins.- 2.3 Syntheses of Aflatoxin Building Blocks.- 2.4 Syntheses of Biosynthetic Aflatoxin Precursors.- 3 Citrinin.- 3.1 General.- 3.2 Total Syntheses of Citrinin.- 4 Ergot Alkaloids.- 4.1 Structural Subclasses of Ergot Alkaloids.- 4.2 Biological Properties.- 4.3 Total Syntheses.- 5 Fumonisins.- 5.1 Biological Properties.- 5.2 Total Syntheses.- 6 Ochratoxins.- 6.1 Biological Properties.- 6.2 Total Syntheses.- 7 Patulin.- 7.1 General.- 7.2 Total Syntheses of Patulin.- 8 Trichothecenes.- 8.1 Biological Properties.- 8.2 Total Syntheses.- 9 Resorcylic Acid Lactones.- 9.1 Biological Properties.- 9.2 Total Syntheses.- 10 (Thio)diketopiperazines.- 10.1 Biological Properties.- 10.2 Total Syntheses.- 11 Alternaria metabolites.- 11.1 Biological Properties.- 11.2 Total Syntheses.- 12 Skyrins.- 12.1 Biological properties.- 12.2 Syntheses of Skyrin Model Systems.- 12.3 Total Syntheses of Skyrins.- 13 Xanthones.- 13.1 Xanthones.- 13.2 Tetrahydroxanthones.- 13.3 Hexahydroxanthones.- 13.4 Xanthone Dimers and Heterodimers.- 13.5 Tetrahydroxanthone Dimers and Heterodimers.- 14 Cytochalasans.- 14.1 Biological Properties.- 14.2 Total Syntheses.- 15 Peptidic Mycotoxins.- 15.1 Biological Properties.- 15.2 Total Syntheses.- Abbreviations.- References.-