Contents:

General Introduction.Section One: Hematology

1-1 The Compound Microscope

1-2 The Study of Common Objects

1-3 Collection of Blood Samples

1-4 Hemocytometry (Cell Counting) The Diluting Pipettes

1-5 Hemocytometry (Cell Counting) The Counting Chamber

1-6 Examination of Fresh Blood: A. Drop Preparation

B. Preparing a Peripheral Blood Film

1-7 Estimation of Hemoglobin

1-8 The Red Cell Count

1-9 Determination of Hematocrit (Hct) (Packed Cell Volume; PCV)

1-10 Normal Blood Standards (Absolute Corpuscular Values and Indices)

1-11 The Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) White Cell Count (WCC)

1-12 Staining a Peripheral Blood Film The Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC)

1-13 The Cooke-Arneth Count (Arneth Count)

1-14 Absolute Eosinophil Count

1-15 Study of Morphology of Red Blood Cells

1-16 The Reticulocyte Count

1-17 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

1-18 Blood Grouping (Syn: Blood Typing)

1-19 Tests for Hemostasis (Bleeding time; Coagulation time; Platelet count; and other tests)

1-20 Osmotic Fragility of Red Blood Cells (Syn: Osmotic Resistance of Red Blood Corpuscles)

1-21 Specific Gravity of Blood and Plasma (Copper Sulphate Falling Drop Method of Philips and van Slyke)

1-22 Determination of Viscosity of Blood

Section Two: Human Experiments

Unit I: Respiratory System

2-1 Stethography: Recording of Normal and Modified Movements of Respiration

2-2 Determination of Breath Holding Time (BHT)

2-3 Spirometry (Determination of Vital Capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, and Lung Volumes and Capacities)

2-4 Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

2-5 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation (CPCR).Unit II: Cardiovascular System

2-6 Recording of Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure

2-7 Effect of Posture, Gravity and Muscular Exercise on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

2-8 Cardiac Efficiency Tests (Exercise Tolerance Tests)

2-9 Demonstration of Carotid Sinus Reflex

2-10 Demonstration of Venous Blood Flow

2-11 Recording of Venous Pressure

2-12 Demonstration of Triple Response

2-13 Electrocardiography (ECG)

2-14 Experiments on Student Physiography

Unit III: Special Sensations

2-15 Perimetry (Charting the Field of Vision)

2-16 Mechanical Stimulation of the Eye

2-17 Physiological Blind Spot.2-18 Near Point and Near Response.2-19 Sanson Images

2-20 Demonstration of Stereoscopic Vision

2-21 Dominance of the Eye

2-22 Subjective Visual Sensations

2-23 Visual Acuity

2-24 Color Vision

2-25 Tuning-Fork Tests of Hearing

2-26 Localization of Sounds

2-27 Masking of Sounds

2-28 Sensation of Taste

2-29 Sensation of Smell

Unit IV: Nervous System, Nerve and Muscle

2-30 Electroencephalography (EEG)

2-31 Electroneurodiagnostic Tests, Nerve Conduction Studies, Motor Nerve Conduction in Median Nerve

2-32 Electroneurodiagnostic Tests Sensory Nerve Conduction in Ulnar Nerve

2-33 Electroneurodiagnostic Tests Electromyography (EMG)

2-34 Electroneurodiagnostic Tests Evoked Potentials Brainstem Auditory, Visual, Somatosensory and Motor Evoked Potentials

2-35 Electroneurodiagnostic Tests

The Hoffmann’s Reflex (H-Reflex )

2-36 Study of Human Fatigue Mosso’s Ergograph and Hand-Grip Dynamometer

2-37 Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Tests (Autonomic Function Tests; AFTs)

Unit V: Reproductive System

2-38 Semen Analysis

2-39 Pregnancy Diagnostic Tests

2-40 Birth Control Methods

Section Three: Clinical Examination

3-1 Outline for History Taking and General Physical Examination

3-2 Clinical Examination of the Respiratory System

3-3 Clinical Examination of the Cardiovascular System

3-4 Clinical Examination of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) and Abdomen

3-5 Clinical Examination of the Nervous System

Section Four: Experimental Physiology (Amphibian and Mammalian Experiments)

4-1 Study of Apparatus

4-2 Dissection of Gastrocnemius Muscle-Sciatic Nerve Preparation

4-3 Simple Muscle Twitch (Effect of a Single Stimulus)

4-4 Effect of Changing the Strength of Stimulus

4-5 Effect of Temperature on Muscle Contraction

4-6 Velocity of Nerve Impulse

4-7 Effect of Two Successive Stimuli

4-8 Genesis of Tetanus (Effect of Many Successive Stimuli)

4-9 Phenomenon of Fatigue and its Site (Effect of Continued Stimulation)

4-10 Effect of Load and Length on Muscle Contraction (Free- and After-Loading)

4-11 Exposure of Frog’s Heart and Normal Cardiogram

4-12 Effect of Temperature on Frog’s Heart

4-13 Effect of Adrenalin, Acetylcholine and Atropine on Heart

4-14 Effect of Stimulation of Vagosympathetic Trunk and Crescent; Vagal Escape; Effect of Nicotine and Atropine

4-15 Properties of Cardiac Muscle (Stannius Ligatures)

4-16 Perfusion of Isolated Heart of Frog

4-17 Study of Reflexes in Spinal and Decerebrate Frogs

4-18 Experiments on Anesthetized Dog

Section Five: Charts

5-1 Jugular Venous Pulse Tracing

5-2 Cardiac Cycle

5-3 Oxygen Dissociation Curve

5-4 Strength-duration Curve

5-5 Action Potential in a Large, Myelinated Nerve Fiber

5-6 Action Potentials in Cardiac Muscle Fibers

5-7 Dye Dilution Curve

5-8 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Section Six: Calculations

Calculations

Appendix

Index