Main description:

This handbook on orbital, lacrimal and eyelid emergencies deals with such situations in a practical manner guiding the ophthalmologists in accurate handling and making them more proficient and confident in managing vision and life-threatening emergencies. With 51 chapters and more than 350 images, this book covers all the eye emergencies that generalist and specialist ophthalmologists can expect to come across in their day to day practices.

It can be argued that the orbit can no more be called 'Pandora's Box' because of the unpredictable nature of its contents. This perception has changed over the years due to the advent of improved diagnostic, in particular, imaging techniques. However, since medical residency provides very little exposure to orbital and adnexal disorders, most clinicians are inexperienced and unsure about their management. Facing an emergency situation where improper management can rapidly worsen the condition leading to blindness or even death of the patient is every ophthalmologist's nightmare. The emergent nature of these conditions does not always provide for a leeway to refer these patients to an orbit and oculoplasty specialist, who are few and far between. By the time the patient reaches his destination, his vision maybe irrevocably lost. The legal implications of such mismanagement can be significant too.

This book is a quick and essential resource to manage and refer eye emergencies with confidence.

Contents:

Systemic management in Orbital & Adnexal Emergencies.- Globe Rupture.- Subluxated Globes.- Exposure keratopathy due to absent or avulsed eyelids.- Periocular and adnexal injuries due to animal bites.- Chemical and thermal Injuries.- Endophthalmitis.- Eyelid trauma: general considerations.- Investigation of eyelid and lacrimal injuries.- Management of eyelid injuries.- Management of lacrimal system trauma.- Orbital Trauma: Mechanisms and investigations.- Types and management of orbital fractures.- Organic foreign bodies.- Inorganic foreign bodies.- Traumatic optic neuropathy.- Retro-bulbar hemorrhage: Etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and clinical perspectives.- Orbital compartment syndromes.- Orbital emphysema.- Iatrogenic visual loss after orbital and eyelid surgery.- General considerations and investigations for inflammatory orbital and eyelid disease.-Management of fulminant thyroid eye disease.- Orbital apex inflammation.- Pyoderma gangrenosum.- Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and other muco-cutaneous syndromes.- Idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease.- Management of dysthyroid optic neuropathy.- Management of severe exposure keratopathy.- Acute medical management of non-thyroid orbital and eyelid inflammation.- Acute surgical management of non-thyroid orbital and lid inflammation.- General approach and algorithm for managing acute infections of the orbit and eyelid.- Diagnosis and treatment bacterial infections of the orbit.- Viral and fungal infections of the orbit.- Life-threatening infections.- Fulminant streptococcal infections and necrotizing fasciitis.- Viral Keratitis.- Dacryoadenitis.- Dacryocystitis.- Canaliculitis and Intracanalicular foreign bodies.- General approach and algorithm for managing emergent neoplasms of the orbit and adnexa.- Primary orbital malignancies.- Secondary and metastatic tumors of the orbit.- Malignant transformation in benign orbital diseases.- Sebaceous gland carcinoma.- Squamous cell carcinoma.- Melanoma.- Merkel cell carcinoma (Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma).- Acute presentation of vascular lesions in the orbit.- Exposure keratopathy due to facial nerve palsy.- Complications of Botulinum toxin and facial fillers.- Iatrogenic orbital injury associated with adnexal intervention