Main description:

Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive discussion of current population-level studies showing the influence of physical activity on disease. Updated with extensive new research collected in the eight years since the previous edition, the second edition adds the expertise of respected epidemiologist I-Min Lee. To assist readers in understanding the public health significance of physical activity, Dishman, Heath, and Lee present a detailed review of research findings and what those findings suggest regarding the relationship between physical activity and a variety of health risks.

The second edition of this groundbreaking text has been exhaustively updated to reflect the wealth of new research published in this fast-moving field of study. With more than 100 pages of additional content, the text also offers more detailed coverage of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality, expanded coverage of pathophysiology and biological plausibility, new information on physical activity among various racial-ethnic populations, and the effects of physical activity on cognitive function, dementia, and HIV/AIDS. More than 250 tables and figures, twice the number found in the previous edition, highlight the latest epidemiological information in an easy-to-understand visual format.

Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, assists readers in understanding how leisure-time physical activity can enhance people's quantity and quality of life by summarizing the available knowledge, detailing the methods used to obtain it, considering its implications for public health, and outlining the important questions that remain. Readers will find comprehensive discussion of these topics:

* Evidence that physical activity protects against the development of coronary heart disease and stroke and premature death from all causes

* Population-based studies and clinical experiments providing evidence that physical activity and exercise play a role in the primary and secondary prevention of mild hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity

* Contemporary epidemiologic evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis and protects against the development of breast and colon cancers, some inflammatory diseases, depression, and anxiety disorders

* Considerations in the promotion of a safe, physically active lifestyle among all segments of the population

Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, will engage and challenge students by examining the state of current research in all of its variation and even ambiguity. The text details the methodology and findings of classic and contemporary studies and then helps students begin to analyze the results. Special Strength of the Evidence sections found at the end of most chapters summarize the findings to determine the extent to which correlation and causation can be proven. Chapter objectives, chapter summaries, and sidebars in each chapter assist students in focusing on the key points of study, and an extensive glossary with detailed definitions provides a handy reference for review. Instructors will find a new image bank in this edition to enhance their class lecture materials.

Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, offers students, sport and exercise scientists, health and fitness professionals, andd public health administrators a comprehensive presentation of significant studies, how these studies contribute to understanding the relationship between activity and disease prevention, and how this information can be used in leading individuals, communities, and global society toward increased health and longevity.

Contents:

Part I. Introduction to physical Activity Epidemiology

Chapter 1. Origins of Physical Activity Epidemiology

Ancient History of Physical Activity and Health

Modern History of Physical Activity and Health

Physical Activity for Health Promotion in the United States and the World

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 2. Concepts and Methods in Physical Activity Epidemiology

Epidemiologic Measures

Crude, Specific, and Standardized Rates

Research Design in Epidemiologic Studies

Evaluating Associations in Epidemiologic Studies

Models in Physical Activity Epidemiology

Inferring Cause in Epidemiologic Studies

Criteria for Causation

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 3. Measurement and Surveillance of Physical Activity and Fitness

Why Is Behavioral Epidemiology Important?

What Is Physical Activity?

Measures of Physical Activity

What Is Physical Fitness?

Surveys and Surveillance of Physical Activity

Summary

Bibliography

Part II. Physical Activity and Disease Mortality

Chapter 4. All-Cause Mortality

Life Expectancy at Birth

Major Causes of Mortality

Physical Activity and All-Cause Mortality

Sedentary Behavior and All-Cause Mortality

Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality

Changes in Physical Activity or Fitness and All-Cause Mortality

Are the Associations Real?

Strength of the Evidence

How Much Physical Activity Is Needed to Decrease Risk of Premature Mortality?

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 5. Coronary Heart Disease

History and Magnitude of the Problem

Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors

Coronary Heart Disease Etiology

Physical Activity and Coronary Heart Disease

Sedentary Behavior and Coronary Heart Disease Risk

Physical Fitness and Coronary Heart Disease Risk

Individuals With Other Risk Factors or Existing Coronary Heart Disease

Physical Inactivity Compared With Other Risk Factors

Are the Associations Real?

Strength of the Evidence

How Much Physical Activity Is Needed to Decrease Coronary Heart Disease Risk?

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 6. Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke

Magnitude of the Problem

Risk Factors for Stroke

Etiology of Stroke

Physical Activity and Stroke Risk: The Evidence

Strength of the Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Part III. Physical Activity and Risk Factors

Chapter 7. Physical Activity and Hypertension

Magnitude of the Problem

Treating Hypertension

Hypertension Etiology

Autonomic Nervous System

Physical Activity and Reduced Hypertension Risk: The Evidence

Physical Activity and Treatment of Hypertension: The Evidence

Strength of the Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 8. Physical Activity and Dyslipidemia

Magnitude of the Problem

Drug Treatment

Dyslipidemia Etiology and Physical Activity

Physical Activity and Lipoprotein Levels: The Evidence

Strength of the Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 9. Physical Activity and Obesity

Magnitude of the Problem

Treatment of Overweight and Obesity

Assessing and Defining Overweight and Obesity

Etiology of Overweight and Obesity: Set Point or Settling Point?

Physical Activity and Fitness and the Health Risks of Obesity: The Evidence

Physical Activity and Prevention of Excess Weight Gain: The Evidence

Physical Activity and Weight Loss: The Evidence

Physical Activity and Weight Maintenance: The Evidence

The Ultimate Goal: Weight Loss or Risk Reduction?

Summary

Bibliography

Part IV. Physical Activity and Chronic Diseases

Chapter 10. Physical Activity and Diabetes

Magnitude of the Problem

Demographics of Diabetes

Clinical Features

Health Burden of Diabetes

Risk Factors

Insulin and Glucose Transport

Etiology of Type 2 Diabetes

Effects of Physical Activity on Diabetes Risk: The Evidence

Strength of the Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 11. Physical Activity and Osteoporosis

Magnitude of the Problem

Fractures and Mortality

Etiology of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis

Risk Factors and Prevention

Bone Measurement Techniques

Physical Activity and Osteoporosis: The Evidence

Strength of the Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Part V. Physical Activity, Cancer, and Immunity

Chapter 12. Physical Activity and Cancer

Magnitude of the Problem

Etiology of Cancer

Risk Factors

Population Studies of Physical Activity: Specificity of Protection?

Colon and Rectal Cancer

Breast Cancer

Other Cancers

Physical Activity and Cancer Survivors

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 13. Physical Activity and the Immune System

An Abridged History of Immunology

HIV and AIDS

The Immune System

Immunomodulation by the Nervous and Endocrine System

Physical Activity and Immunity: The Evidence

Mechanisms of Alterations in Monocytes, Granulocytes, and Natural Killer Cells After Acute Exercise

Exercise and Cytokines

Summary

Bibliography

Part VI. Physical Activity and Special Concerns

Chapter 14. Physical Activity and Mental Health

Depression

Magnitude of the Problem

Results From the National Comorbidity Survey

Etiology of Depression

Brain Neurobiology in Depression

Treatment of Depression

Physical Activity and Depression: The Evidence

Anxiety Disorders

Magnitude of the Problem

Etiology of Anxiety Disorders

Brain Neurobiology in Anxiety Disorders

Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

Physical Activity and Anxiety: The Evidence

Cognitive Function and Dementia

Physical Activity and Cognitive Function: The Evidence

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 15. Physical Activity and Special Populations

Physical Activity Among Diverse Racial-Ethnic Populations

Physical Activity and Disability

Inactivity and Aging

Physical Activity and Long-Term Health Amoung People With Disabilities

Role of Physical Activity in the Prevention of Secondary Complications

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 16. Adverse Events and Hazards of Physical Activity

Magnitude of the Problem

Evaluating Risk

Methods of Research

Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Death

Joint and Muscle Injury

Injury Features

Risk of Physical Activity Injuries: The Evidence

Other Medical Hazards

Psychological Hazards

Summary

Bibliography

Chapter 17. Adopting and Maintaining a Physically Active Lifestyle

Individual Barriers to Physical Activity

How Do People Decide to Be Active?

Environmental Barriers to Physical Activity

Genetics of Physical Activity

Environmental Intervention and Self-Regulation

Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions

Interventions to Increase Physical Activity

Mediators and Moderators of Physical Activity Change and Interventions

Features of Physical Activity That Promote Adoption and Maintenance

Summary

Bibliography