Main description:

This book reviews, in one place, the breadth of articles that form the basis for the current practice of medicine. When physicians examine medical literature, there are articles that are quoted over and over again, as well as articles that have established the standards that are so embedded that we no longer think of where those standards came from. When clinicians treat patients with diabetes, why do we aim for an A1c less than 7%? That standard comes primarily from two trials, the DPPT and the UKPDS trial, both of which broke new ground when they were published. In addition, the ACCORD trial informed us that a lower A1c goal does not improve outcomes, and may in fact lead to worse outcomes. Understanding these trials helps physicians to make better decisions for their patients and gives them a greater appreciation for the information they work with every day.The chapters are organized by system such as respiratory, cardiovascular, diabetes, etc. and within each system, in the chronological order of publication. Each article reviewed includes a succinct overview of methodology and the results, followed by a discussion that puts the results into clinical context. All articles are selected and chapters written by primary care physicians who understand what is relevant to the intended audience for the book.

Written by experts in the field, Top Articles Every Clinician Should Know provides readers with one source where information can be found about the most important articles published in the medical literature that informs the way clinicians practice primary care today.

Contents:

Cardiovascular Disease

1. Multifactorial Index of Cardiac Risk in Noncardiac Surgical Procedures (1977)

2. Prophylactic Implantation of a Defibrillator in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Reduced Ejection Fraction (2002)

3. A Comparison of Rate Control and Rhythm Control in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AFFIRM) (2002)

4. Optimal Medical Therapy with or without PCI for Stable Coronary Disease (COURAGE) (2007)

5. Dabigatran versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (RELY). (2009)

Cerebrovascular Disease

6. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke (ECASS II). Second European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study Investigators. (1998)

Diabetes

7. Pancreatic Extracts in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (1922)

8. The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition on Diabetic Nephropathy (1993)

9. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS) (1998)

10. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) (2002)

11. Sustained Effect of Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Development and Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy (DCCT) (2003)

12. Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes (ACCORD) (2008)

13. Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patient (2009)

14. Oral pharmacologic treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians. (2017)

Hypertension

15. A Clinical Trial of the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Blood Pressure (1997)

16. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) (2002)

17. A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control (SPRINT) (2015)

Infectious Diseases

18. CDC: MMWR Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men in Los Angeles (1981)

19. A Prediction Rule to Identify Low-Risk Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (PORT) 1997

20. Use in routine clinical practice of two commercial blood tests for diagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a prospective study (2006)

21. Prescription Strategies in Acute Uncomplicated Respiratory Infections A Randomized Clinical Trial (2015)

Lipids

22. Intensive versus Moderate Lipid Lowering with Statins after Acute Coronary Syndromes (PROVE-IT) (2004).

23. Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein (JUPITER) (2008)

24. Lyon Diet Heart Study: Benefits of a Mediterranean-Style, National Cholesterol Education Program/American Heart Association Step I Dietary Pattern on Cardiovascular Disease (2011)

OB /GYN

25. Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation (1992)

26. Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women (2002)

Obesity

27. A double-blind clinical trial in weight control. Use of fenfluramine and phentermine alone and in combination (1984)

Ophthalmology

28. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial of High-Dose Supplementation With Vitamins C and E, Beta Carotene, and Zinc for Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Vision Loss (AREDS) (2001)

Orthopedics

29. Nonorganic Physical Signs in Low-Back Pain (Waddell) (1980)

30. A study to develop clinical decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle injuries (1992)

31. A Controlled Trial of Arthroscopic Surgery for Osteoarthritis of the Knee (2002)

32. Benefits and safety of gabapentinoids in chronic low back pain: A systematic review
and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2017)

33. Effect of Opioid vs Nonopioid Medications on Pain-Related Function in Patients With Chronic Back Pain or Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: The SPACE Randomized Clinical Trial. (2018)

Pediatrics

34. INFANT SLEEP POSITION (1992)

35. Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children (1998)

Pharmacology

36. Addiction Rare in Patients Treated with Narcotics (1980)

37. Aspirin-like Molecules that Covalently Inactivate Cyclooxygenase-2 (1998)

Preventive Medicine

38. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) (1982)

39. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors (2004)

40. Relationship of Physical Fitness vs Body Mass Index With Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Women (Fit vs Fat) (2004)

41. Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Low-Dose Computed Tomographic Screening (NLST) (2011)

Psych

42. Comparison of diagnostic performance of Two-Question Screen and 15 depression screening instruments for older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)

Pulmonary

43. Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED) (1990)

44. The Salmeterol Multicenter Asthma Research Trial: a comparison of usual pharmacotherapy for asthma or usual pharmacotherapy plus salmeterol (SMART) (2006)

45. Salmeterol and Fluticasone Propionate and Survival in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (TORCH) (2007)

Surgery

46. Comparison of endovascular aneurysm repair with open repair in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR trial 1), 30-day operative mortality results: randomised controlled trial. (2004)

Urology

47. The Efficacy of Terazosin, Finasteride, or Both in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1996)

48. Oral Sildenafil in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction (1998)