Main description:

To interact with the environment, an individual must code, store, and translate spatial information into the appropriate motor commands for achieving an outcome. Working from this premise, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement:Neurobehavioral Perspectives discusses how visual perception, attention, and memory are linked to the processes of movement preparation and execution.

With contributions from active researchers in movement science, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement presents the latest theories on the utilization of vision in goal-directed movement control. As a resource for motor control and motor learning researchers, students, educators, and clinicians, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement offers the following:

* Comprehensive coverage of current behavior-based literature on the visual control of goal-directed movement

* A systematic explication of the sensory and physiological processes and systems responsible for fast, accurate, and efficient performance

* A solid foundation for further study of the sensory and neural systems responsible for precise goal-directed behavior

* A discussion of how current research on vision and goal-directed movement can assist in creating efficient and safe work environments

Using research informed by neural imaging and magnetic brain stimulation, this text provides readers with a better understanding of the neural foundations for goal-directed movement, illustrates the flexibility of the human visuomotor system, and discusses how regulation of movements depends on the learning and developmental history of the performer. It begins by reviewing the works of R.S. Woodworth and the influence of his theories on current research. The majority of the chapters in the first section of the book take a behavioral and process-oriented approach to exploring goal-directed movement. The text then explores the sensory and neural foundations for goal-directed action, including issues related to both pursuit and saccadic eye movements as well as discussion of the specialization of various cortical systems for the regulation of movement. Especially relevant to professionals and scientists concerned with skill instruction and rehabilitation, the final part of the text provides a review of recent research on how and why limb control changes occur with practice and development. In addition, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement considers how the research presented can maximize precision, efficiency, and safety in workspace design.

Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives adds a unique offering to the literature base for motor behavior, demonstrating how advances in both behavioral and neurophysiological methods can inform theories related to the biological systems contributing to skilled performance.

Contents:

Part I. A Behavioral Approach to Vision and Goal-Directed Movement

Chapter 1. The Legacy of R.S. Woodworth: The Two Component Model Revisited Digby Elliott, Steve Hansen, and Lawrence E.M. Grierson

The Early Two-Component Model

Alternative Explanations of Speed-Accuracy Relationships

The Optimized Submovement Model

Kinematic Evidence for Current Control

How Ballistic Is the Initial Adjustment?

Two Types of Current Control

The Two-Component Model Revisited

Future Directions

Chapter 2. The Optimization of Speed, Accuracy and Energy in Goal-Directed Aiming Digby Elliott, Steve Hansen, and Michael A. Khan

Practice and Goal-Directed Aiming

Individual Aiming Trajectories

Within-Performer Spatial Variability

Do Early Events Predict Late Events?

Lessons From the Serial Reaction Time Literature

Optimizing Energy Expenditure and the Cost of an Error

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 3. Visual Selective Attention and Action

Timothy N. Welsh and Daniel J. Weeks

Attention

Action-Centered Selective Attention

Summary and Future Directions

Chapter 4. Vision and Movement Planning

J. Greg Anson, Rachel Burgess, and Rebekah L. Scott

Two Visual Systems

Vision and Movement Planning: Behavioral Perspectives

Vision and Movement Planning in Nonhuman Primates

Vision, Movement Planning, and Memory

Memory-Guided Reaching

Memory Mechanisms and Planning

Precuing, Memory, and Movement Planning

Summary and Future Directions

Chapter 5. Memory-Guided Reaching: What the Visuomotor System Knows and How Long It Knows It

Matthew Heath, Kristina A. Neely, Olav Krigolson, and Gordon Binsted

The Temporal Durability of Stored Target Information

Visual Awareness and the Evocation of Visually Guided and Memory-Guided Reaches

Visual Coordinates or a Fully Specified Movement Plan

Memory-Guided Reaches and the Relationship Between End-Point Error and Corticomotor Potentials

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 6. The Preparation and Control of Multiple-Target Aiming Movements

Michael A. Khan, Werner F. Helsen, and Ian M. Franks

The Influence of Response Complexity on Reaction Time

Online Programming Hypothesis

Movement Integration

Planning and Movement Integration

Future Directions

Chapter 7. Rapid Regulation of Limb Trajectories: Response to Perturbation

Steve Hansen, Lawrence E.M. Grierson, Michael A. Khan, and Digby Elliott

Visual Occlusion

Physically Changing the Target

Visual Illusions

Changing the Visual Context

Deceiving the Control Processes

Online Perturbations

Manipulating Certainty of the Visual Environment

Future Directions

Chapter 8. Visual Field Asymmetries in the Control of Target-Directed Movements

Michael A. Khan and Gordon Binsted

Peripheral Vision Versus Central Vision

Upper Visual Field Versus Lower Visual Field

Conclusions and Future Directions

Part II. Sensory and Neural Systems for Vision and Action

Chapter 9. Prediction in Ocular Pursuit

Simon J. Bennett and Graham R. Barnes

Gaze-Orienting Eye Movements

Prediction in Ocular Pursuit

Anticipatory Smooth Pursuit Onset

Anticipatory Smooth Pursuit During Transient Occlusion

Predictive Smooth Pursuit During Transient Occlusion

Coordination Between Smooth Pursuit and Saccades

Model of Ocular Pursuit

Neural Pathways for Ocular Pursuit

Neural Pathways for Ocular Pursuit During Transient Occlusion

Pursuit Against a Background: Suppression of the Optokinetic Reflex

Oculomanual Pursuit

Summary and Future Directions

Chapter 10. Oculomotor Contributions to Reaching: Close Is Good Enough

Gordon Binsted, Kyle Brownell, Tyler Rolheiser, and Matthew Heath

Common Anatomies, Divergent Functions

Eye-Hand Coupling Behavior

Frames of Reference Hypothesis

Common Command Hypothesis

Afferent Information Hypothesis

Strategy Hypothesis

Conclusions: Close Is Good Enough

Future Directions

Chapter 11. Eye-Hand Coordination in Goal-Directed Action: Normal and Pathological Functioning

Werner F. Helsen, Peter Feys, Elke Heremans, and Ann Lavrysen

Retinal Versus Extraretinal Information

Visuomotor Control in Normal Functioning

Summary of Visuomotor Control in Normal Functioning

Visuomotor Control in Cerebellar Pathology

Summary of Visuomotor Control in Cerebellar Pathology

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 12. Lateralization of Goal-Directed Movement

Robert L. Sainburg

Neural Lateralization

Motor Lateralization

Biological Correlates of Handedness

Neurobehavioral Processes Lateralized in Handedness

Conclusions

Future Directions

Chapter 13. Visual Illusions and Action

David A. Westwood

Historical Context: Perception and Action

Visual Illusions as a Tool for Studying Perception and Action in the Intact Brain

Illusions and Action: Emerging Themes and Issues

Future Directions

Chapter 14. Two Visual Streams: Neuropsychological Evidence

David P. Carey

Two Visual Pathways in the Cerebral Cortex

Early Arguments Against the Milner and Goodale Account

Double Dissociations in Perception and Action

Later Controversies: Diagnosing Optic Ataxia

Summary and Future Directions

Part III. Learning, Development, and Application

Chapter 15. Visual Information in the Acquisition of Goal-Directed Action

Luc Tremblay

Background

Utilization of Multisensory Information

Attention and Performance

Individual Differences in Utilization of Sensory Information

Modulating the Utilization of Sensory Information Does Not Require Physical Practice

Utilization of Sensory Information as a Function of Practice

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 16. Early Development of the Use of Visual Information for Action and Perception

Margot van Wermeskerken, John van der Kamp, and Geert J.P. Savelsbergh

Ecological Approach to Perception

Two Visual Systems

Development of the Use of Visual Information for Action and Perception in Infancy

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 17. Motor Learning Through Observation

Dana Maslovat, Spencer Hayes, Robert R. Horn, and Nicola J. Hodges

Cognitive Mediated Learning

Visuomotor Coupling and Direct Learning

Visual Perception Perspective

Task Characteristics

Conclusions and Future Directions

Chapter 18. Optimizing Performance Through Work Space Design

James L. Lyons

A Little History

Human-Machine System

Newer Issues and Future Directions