Main description:

In recent decades, the advances in and consolidation of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IOM) in several highly complex surgical areas have been undeniable.

Currently all modalities of neurophysiological tests (SSEP, MEP, EMG, PEATC, VEP, BRAIN MAPPING, ETC) are performed in the operating room, where they are used to provide trans operative information on the patient's neurological status in real time (monitoring), and to identify neural structures which are at immediate risk (mapping).

With the inarguably positive impact of IOM on surgical outcomes, there is an increasing interest in reliable, technically focused literature. This volume provides cutting-edge information in the field of IOM, and highlights new neurophysiological tools being used in various surgeries.

The book's initial sections cover a range of topics, including an anatomical overview, electrical safety, and detailed technical descriptions of the neurophysiological tests used in IOM. The subsequent sections address e.g. the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, vascular and peripheral nerves, epilepsy, head and neck, movement disorders and special topics.

Some chapters are accompanied by videos of surgeries and IOM so that the reader will have the real sensation of having been in the operating room and will gain an overview of the key steps.

Written by experts in the field of IOM, the book offers a valuable resource for both experienced and early-career neurophysiologists, neurosurgeons, vascular and orthopedic surgeons, and surgeons involved with pelvic procedures. Further, its goal is to provide a real rapport, never before attained, between neurophysiologists and surgeons with a sole focus: excellence in terms of the final outcome.

Contents:

Part 1. Overview

1. History of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Brazil: Reports from the pioneers and a glance in Latin America

2. Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Brazil: Regulatory Aspects, Training and Evidence Level

3. Muscle Motor Point Atlas and Needling Pitfalls

4. Safety and troubleshooting

5. Central Nervous System Anesthesia: asleep approach

PART 2. Neurophysiological Modalities Applied to IOM

6. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential

7. Evoked Potential - Visual Pathways Approach beyond Visual Evoked Potentials

8. Somatosensory Evoked Potentials

9. Motor Evoked Potential

10. Intraoperative Monitoring: Electroencephalogram

11. Electromyography

12. Brainstem Reflexes

Part 3. Brain Functions: Eloquent Areas

13. The Brain Surface

14. Motor and Somatosensory

15. Anesthesia: Awake Approach

16. Anatomy- Language Network and DTI

17. Awake Surgery: Performing an Awake Craniotomy

18. Language and Cognitive Tests- A Target-Guided Protocol

Part 4. Brainstem and Cranial Nerve Function

19. Cranial Nerves Monitoring III to XII

20. Fourth Ventricle's Floor Mapping

21. Microvascular Decompression

Part 5. Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery

22. Spinal Deformity Surgery

23. Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries - LIFS

24. Cervical Spinal Surgery

25. Tethered Cord Syndrome

26. Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy and Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring

27. Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors

Part 6. Vascular Surgery

28. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring of cerebrovascular disorders

29. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring for thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic procedures

Part 7. Pheripheral Nerve Surgery

30. Peripheral Nerve: Neurophysiology as A Tool to Optimize Topographic Accuracy and Surgical Planning

Part 8. Head and Neck Surgery

31. Monitoring in Facial, Neck and Ear Surgeries

Part 9. Epilepsy Surgery

32. Intraoperative Monitoring in Epilepsy Surgery

Part 10. Movement Disorders Surgery

33. Neurophysiological Guidance for Movement Disorder Surgery

Part 11. Special Topics

34. IOM in Pelvic Floor- Gynecological and Urological Surgeries