Main description:

There are more than 100 types of cancers In Part II, head and neck cancer is d- affecting all parts of the human body. cussed. The global number of annual new More than 11 million people are diagnosed cases of this malignancy is ~500,000. These with cancer every year, and it is estimated malignancies include oral squamous cell that there will be 16 million new cases by carcinoma, salivary gland tumors, tons- the year 2020. In 2005, 7. 6 million peo- lar cancer, tongue cancer, nasopharyngeal ple died of cancer, that is, 13% of the 58 carcinoma, and retinoblastoma, which are million deaths worldwide. It is estimated detailed. In Part III, diagnosis, therapy, and that 9 million people will die from can- prognosis of thyroid carcinoma are d- cer worldwide in 2015 and 11. 4 million cussed. The global number of new cases of will die in 2030. More than 70% of all thyroid cancer is ~141,000, and the number cancer deaths occur in low and middle of worldwide thyroid mortalities is ~35,375. income countries. These statistics underlie The number of new cases of this cancer in the fact that cancer is the deadliest of all the United States is ~33,550. Molecular human diseases. The enormity of the glo- genetics of thyroid cancer, gene expr- bal healthcare costs as a result of cancer sion markers for diagnosis, papillary t- cannot be overemphasized.

Contents:

PART I. GENERAL METHODS AND OVERVIEWS
Diagnosis
1. ROLE OF RNA INTERFERENCE IN UNDERSTANDING THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF CANCER; Jeffrey P. MacKeigan and Alex Gaither

MECHANISM OF RNA INTERFERENCE
RNA INTERFERENCE AS A CELL BASED SCREENING TOOL
RNA INTERFERENCE TO UNDERSTAND COMPOUND MECHANISM OF ACTION
COMPOUND SENSITIZATION, COMBINATION STRATEGIES AND SYNTHETIC LETHAL RNA INTERFERENCE SCREENS
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH RNA INTERFERENCE BASED APPROACHES
REFERENCES

2. CANCER BIOMARKERS (AN OVERVIEW); William C.S. Cho

INTRODUCTION
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR CANCER BIOMARKER DISCOVERY
DNA Microarray
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression
MicroRNA Microarray
Two Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
Free Flow Electrophoresis
Capillary Electrophoresis
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Linear Ion Trap Quadrupole-Orbitrap
Imaging Mass Spectrometry
Isotope-Coded Affinity Tags
Multiple Reaction Monitoring
Absolute Quantification of Proteins
Protein Microarray
Tissue Array
Bioinformatics
CURRENTLY USED CANCER BIOMARKERS
BIOMARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF CANCERS
Genomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Transcriptomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Proteomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
BIOMARKERS FOR THE TREATMENT AND PROGRESSION OF CANCERS
Genomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Transcriptomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Proteomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
BIOMARKERS FOR THE PROGNOSIS OF CANCERS
Genomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Transcriptomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
Proteomic-based Biomarkers in Cancer
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES

3. TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS IN CANCERS: EXPRESSION OF CD105 MARKER; Osamu Tokunaga, Rahmawati Minhajat, and Daisuke Mori
INTRODUCTION
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS
DETECTION OF THE ENDOTHELIUM IMMUNOHISTOLOGY
Antigenecity Retrieval
Immunohistology
SIMULTANEOUS MASS AND COMPARATIVE STUDY: TISSUE ARRAY
SPECIFIC MARKERS FOR VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM IN TUMORS
Angiogenesis
CD105/ENDOGLIN ENDOTHELIAL MARKER SPECIFIC FOR NEWLY
FORMED BLOOD VESSELS
CD105 AND VASCULOGENESIS
ORGAN SPECIFICITY OF CD105 POSITIVE TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS
APPLICATION OF CD105 FOR ANTI-ANGIOGENIC CANCER THERAPY
REFERENCES

4. SPINDLE CELL ONCOCYTOMA OF THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS: INTEGRATED CLINICOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS BY IMAGING, HISTOLOGY, AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; Istvan Vajtai and Rahel Sahli
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
IMAGING ASPECTS
HISTOLOGY AND IMMUNOPHENOTYPE
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
THERAPEUTIC AND PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS
DISCUSSION AND PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES

5. DISSEMINATED CARCINOMA OF UNKNOWN PRIMARY SITE: DETECTION WITH F-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE- POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; Pascal Seve and John R. Mackey
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
REFERENCES

6. UNKNOWN LYMPHADENOPATHY: DIAGNOSIS USING AN ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-GUIDED FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; Ichiro Yasuda
INTRODUCTION
APPLICATION
EQUIPMENT
PROCEDURE
DIAGNOSTIC YIELD
REFERENCES

Therapy
7. PRETARGETED RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY IN CANCER: AN OVERVIEW; Stefano Papi, Chiara Maria Grana, Mirco Bartolomei, Laura Ravasi, Marta Cremonesi, Mahila Ferrari, Luigi Martano, Lucia Garaboldi, Marco Chinol, and Giovanni Paganelli
INTRODUCTION
THERAPEUTIC RADIOISOTOPES
LIMITATIONS OF CLASSICAL