Main description:

The successful previous volume on this topic provided a detailed benchwork manual for the most commonly used animal models of acute neurological injuries including cerebral ischemia, hemorrhage, vasospasm, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Animal Models of Acute Neurological Injuries II: Injury and Mechanistic Assessments aims to collect chapters on assessing these disorders from cells and molecules to behavior and imaging. These comprehensive assessments are the key for understanding disease mechanisms as well as developing novel therapeutic strategies to ameliorate or even prevent damages to the nervous system. Volume 1 examines general assessments in morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, neurobehavior, and neuroimaging, as well as extensive sections on subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Designed to provide both expert guidance and step-by-step procedures, chapters serve to increase understanding in what, why, when, where, and how a particular assessment is used.

Accessible and essential, Animal Models of Acute Neurological Injuries II: Injury and Mechanistic Assessments will be useful for trainees or beginners in their assessments of acute neurological injuries, for experienced scientists from other research fields who are interested in either switching fields or exploring new opportunities, and for established scientists within the field who wish to employ new assessments.

Contents:

Part I: General Morphological Assessments

1. Histopathological Assessments of Animal Models of Cerebral Ischemia

Ami P. Raval and Bingren Hu

2. Assessment of Cell Death: Apoptosis, Necrosis, or In Between

Tom Genetta, Ling Wei, and Shan Ping Yu

3. The Stereology and 3D Volume Analyses in Nervous Tissue

Rabindra P. Singh, Li Shen, and Feng C. Zhou

4. Assessments of Reactive Astrogliosis Following CNS Injuries

Candace L. Floyd

Part II: General Physiological Assessments

5. Physiological Assessment in Stroke Research

Casey Lee Hall, Osama Mohamad, Shan Ping Yu, and Ling Wei

6. EEG, Evoked Potential (EP), and Extracellular Single Unit Recordings In Vivo

Jie Wu

7. Intracellular Recording In Vivo and Patch-Clamp Recording on Brain Slices

Ping Deng and Zao C. Xu

8. Electrophysiological Evaluation of Synaptic Plasticity in Injured CNS

Xiaoming Jin

Part III: General Biochemical and Molecular Biological Assessments

9. Characterization of RNA

Marcel P. Van der Brug, Mar Matarin, and Taura L. Barr

10. MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Rat Blood and Brain Tissues: TaqMan Real-Time PCR MicroRNA Assays

Da-Zhi Liu, Bradley P. Ander, and Frank R. Sharp

11. Protein Analysis

Anthony Kian-Fong Liou and Jun Chen

12. Application of Zymographic Methods to Study Matrix Enzymes Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Lesley K. Harris, Raiford T. Black, Thomas M. Reeves, and Linda L. Phillips

Part IV: General Neurobehavioral Assessments

13. Rodent Behavioral Assessment in the Home Cage Using the SmartCageTM System

Xinmin Simon Xie, Jingxi Zhang , Bende Zou, James Xie, Jidong Fang, Nurulain T. Zaveri, and Taline V. Khroyan

14. Assessments of Cognitive Function Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Wendy M. Reid and Dong Sun

15. Assessment of Cognitive and Sensorimotor Deficits

Richard E. Hartman

16. Emotional and Anxiety Assessments in CNS Disorders

Zaorui Zhao and Junfang Wu

Part V: General Neuroimaging Assessments

17. Neuroimaging Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury

Janna L. Harris and William M. Brooks

18. Imaging of Myelin by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy

Ji-Xin Cheng

Part VI: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

19. Grading Scales for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Andrew Losiniecki and Mario Zuccarello

20. Acute Physiologic and Morphologic Assessment Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Vincent DiNapoli and Mario Zuccarello

21. Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Grading in Animal Models

Robert Ayer, Takashi Sugawara, and John H. Zhang

22. Physiological Assessments of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Jens P. Dreier

23. Spreading Depolarization

Clemens Reiffurth, Sergei A. Kirov, and Jens P. Dreier

24. Assessment of Neurovascular Coupling

Cecilia Nicoletti, Nikolas Offenhauser, Devi Jorks, Sebastian Major, and Jens P. Dreier

25. Assessment of Global Ischemia

Fatima A. Sehba and Joshua B. Bederson

26. Assessment of Microthromboembolism after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Mervyn D.I. Vergouwen and R. Loch Macdonald

27. Intracranial Pressure Assessments

Carla S. Jung and Andreas W. Unterberg

28. Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown

Yoash Hassidim, Ofer Prager, Ilan Shelef, and Alon Friedman

29. Electrophysiology and Morris Water Maze to Assess Hippocampal Function after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Asma Tariq and R. Loch Macdonald

30. Biochemical and Molecular Biological Assessments of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Joseph F. Clark

31. Neurobehavioral Assessments of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Hidenori Suzuki and John H. Zhang

32. Neuroimaging Assessment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Andre Obenaus and Sam Barnes

Part VII: Cerebral Vasospasm

33. Introduction to Problems of Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm

Ryszard M. Pluta

34. Morphological Assessments of Cerebral Vasospasm

Hiroki Ohkuma

35. Vasospasm: Measurement of Diameter, Perimeter and Wall Thickness

Mohammed Sabri and R. Loch Macdonald

36. Light Microscopic Assessment

Akira Munakata, Norihito Shimamura, and Hiroki Ohkuma

37. Electron Microscopic Assessment

Norihito Shimamura, Akira Munakata, and Hiroki Ohkuma

38. Morphological Assessment of Microcirculation

Hiroki Ohkuma and Shigeharu Suzuki

39. Electrophysiological Assessment of Cerebral Vasospasm

Jinglu Ai and R. Loch Macdonald

40. Cranial Window Assessments in Experimental aSAH in Mice

Ulf C. Schneider, Etienne N. Atangana, and Peter Vajkoczy

41. Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis (LASCA) Imaging

Nils Hecht, Ulf Schneider, Johannes Woitzik, and Peter Vajkoczy

42. Ion Channel Assessment

Marcel Alexander Kamp, Hans-Jakob Steiger, and Daniel Hanggi

43. Biochemical Assessments of Cerebral Vasospasm: Measurement of cGMP, PKC, and PTK in Cerebral Arteries

Masayo Koide and Shigeru Nishizawa

44. Assessment of Intracellular Calcium in Cerebral Artery Myocytes

Matthew A. Nystoriak, Masayo Koide, and George C. Wellman

45. Neurobehavioral Assessments of Cerebral Vasospasm

Ryszard M. Pluta, Boris Skopets, and Jerald D. Kralik

46. Neuroimaging Assessment of Cerebral Vasospasm

Kaisorn L. Chaichana, Gustavo Pradilla, and Rafael J. Tamargo

Part VIII: Intracerebral Hemorrhage

47. Morphological Assessment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Qing Xie, Guohua Xi, and Ya Hua

48. Immunological Response to Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Morphological Assessments

Elena Titova and Andre Obenaus

49. Intracranial Pressure Assessment

Yangdong He, Ya Hua, and Guohua Xi

50. Hemoglobin Measurements

Yangdong He, Ya Hua, and Guohua Xi

51. Biochemical and Molecular Biological Assessments of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Jin-Yul Lee, Ya Hua, Richard F. Keep, and Guohua Xi

52. Neurobehavioral Assessments of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Tim Lekic and John H. Zhang

53. Corner Turning Test for Evaluation of Asymmetry after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rodents

Tim Lekic, William Rolland, Anatol Manaenko, Nancy Fathali, and John H. Zhang

54. Forelimb Use Asymmetry Analysis of Vertical Exploratory Activity after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats and Mice

Tim Lekic, Anatol Manaenko, and William Rolland, and John H. Zhang

55. The Vibrissae-Elicited Forelimb Placing Test after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rodents

Tim Lekic, William Rolland, Anatol Manaenko, Nancy Fathali, and John H. Zhang

56. Imaging of Hematoma and Perihematomal Edema in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Veit Rohde, Walter Schulz-Schaffer, and Timo Krings