Main description:

It is now more than a quarter century since the appearance of the f irst reported cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although successful tre- ments with highly active antiretroviral therapies have made a major impact on survival, there still remains no vaccine for prevention and the available therapies do not cure the disease. As a result, AIDS has been transformed into a chronic, lifelong disease which requires continuous antiretro viral drug treatment together with ongoing treatment of the associated systemic medical complications. It appears that as survival improves, the prevalence of chronic central nervous system involvement may be increasing. As pointed out by the editors of this volume, this shift in emphasis requires further examination of how AIDS affects the brain in terms of cogniti ve function, neuropsychiatric manifestations, activities of daily living, and quality of life. They also go on to ask the interesting question of how AIDS involvement of the brain interacts with normal aging. In HIV and the Brain, Drs.
Paul, Sacktor, Valcour, and Tashima have assembled an impressive international team of experts to summarize the current state of kno- edge concerning brain function in AIDS. Early chapters re view epidemiology, pathophysiology, neuropathology, neuroimaging, and HIV genetics follo wed by a series of chapters concerning the neuropsychological, behavioral, and neuropsyc- atric aspects of the disease.

Contents:

Chapter 1
Neurocognitive changes in HIV: Evolution of Treatment of HIV Infection.
Erna Milunka Kojic, M.D. Charles Carpenter, M.D.

Chapter 2
Global incidence and epidemiology of the AIDS pandemic, distribution of HIV subtypes and epidemiology of Hepatitis C infection among HIV positive individuals.
Karen T. Tashima, M.D., Aadia Rana, M.D.

Chapter 3
New Insights into HIV Neuropathogenesis.
Tory P. Johnson, M.S., Avindra Nath, M.D.
Chapter 4
Neuropathological findings associated with long term HAART treatment.
Ian. C. Anthony, Ph.D., Jeanne E. Bell, M.D.

Chapter 5
Biomarkers of HIV related Central Nervous System Disease.
Bruce James Brew MBBS MD FRACP, Scott L. Letendre MD

Chapter 6
Neuroimaging Among HIV Infected Patients: Current Knowledge and Future Directions
David F. Tate, Ph.D., Jared Conley, B.S., Dominik Meier, Ph.D., Bradford Navia, M.D., Ph.D., Ronald Cohen, Ph.D., Charles R.G. Guttmann, M.D.

Chapter 7
The assessment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: New challenges in the HAART era
Chronic neuro-AIDS, long-term cognitive assessment, and new risk factors
Lucette A. Cysique, Ph.D., Bruce J. Brew MBBS MD FRACP

Chapter 8
The changing face of HIV-associated cognitive and neuropsychiatric disturbance.
Ron Cohen, Ph.D.

Chapter 9
Youth with HIV/AIDS: Neurobehavioral Consequences
Susannah Allison, Ph.D., Pamela L. Wolters, Ph.D., Pim Brouwers, Ph.D.

Chapter 10
Co-occurrence of HIV, Hepatitis C, and Substance Use Disorders: Effects on Brain Functioning.
Raul Gonzalez, Ph.D., Phillip J. Quartana, Ph.D., Eileen M. Martin, Ph.D.

Chapter 11
The Functional Impact of HIV-associated Neuropsychological Decline
Matthew J. Wright, Ph.D., Ellen Woo, Ph.D., Terry R. Barclay, Ph.D.,
& Charles H. Hinkin, Ph.D.

Chapter 12
Adjunctive therapy for long-term support of cognitive impairment
Joshua T. Dearborn, M.A., Susan E. Maloney, M. A., Nicole Hicklin, M.A.
Elizabeth M. Lane, B.A., Robert Paul, Ph.D.

Chapter 13
HIV-1 Genetic diversity and its biological significance.
Michael M. Thomson, M.D., Ph.D.

Chapter 14
Opportunistic infections in the brain in developing countries
Marcus Tulius T Silva, M.D., M.Sc., Ph.D., Beatriz Grinsztejn, M.D., M.Sc., Ph.D.

Chapter 15
Impact of clade diversity on neuropsychological outcomes
Robert Paul, Ph.D., Ned Sacktor, M.D., Lucette Cysique, Ph.D., Bruce Brew, M.D., Victor Valcour, M.D.

Chapter 16
The effects of aging on HIV disease
Robert C. Kalayjian, M.D., Lena Al-Harthi, Ph.D.

Chapter 17
Neuropsychology of Healthy Aging
Molly E. Zimmerman, Ph.D., Adam M. Brickman, Ph.D.

Chapter 18
Interactions between Advanced Age and HIV Cognitive Impairment
Victor Valcour, M.D., Aaron McMurtray , M.D.